Suplementos nutricionales en el desarrollo psicomotor y cognitivo en la infancia: Una revisión de la literatura
Barra lateral del artículo
Publicado:
jun. 6, 2017
Palabras clave:
cognición, estado nutricional, niño, suplementos dietarios, crecimiento y desarrollo
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
Introducción: en los últimos años, la malnutrición y su impacto en el desarrollo cognitivo y psicomotor de las personas ha cobrado interés, así como el uso de suplementos nutricionales en la dieta regular con el fin de evitar o disminuir los efectos negativos de una alimentación inadecuada en el desarrollo global de una persona. Dado que se conocen los requerimientos de elementos como el ácido docosahexaenoico (DHA) durante el desarrollo neurológico en las etapas más tempranas de la vida, resulta de gran importancia evaluar el alcance de la suplementación de estos componentes y su relación con la cognición en población
pediátrica.
Métodos: se realizó una revisión de la literatura en las bases de datos Embase y Pubmed teniendo en cuenta estudios que relacionaran la suplementación nutricional con ácidos grasos, hierro y zinc y las funciones cognitivas en niños.
Resultados: se encontró evidencia que sugiere que los suplementos nutricionales con ácidos grasos poliinsaturados (DHA y omega 3), hierro y zinc mejoran el desarrollo cognitivo de los niños.
Conclusiones:Los suplementos nutricionales con Omega 3, DHA, hierro y zinc podrían proporcionar beneficios en el desarrollo cognitivo, principalmente en lactantes y escolares sin efectos adversos de importancia.
pediátrica.
Métodos: se realizó una revisión de la literatura en las bases de datos Embase y Pubmed teniendo en cuenta estudios que relacionaran la suplementación nutricional con ácidos grasos, hierro y zinc y las funciones cognitivas en niños.
Resultados: se encontró evidencia que sugiere que los suplementos nutricionales con ácidos grasos poliinsaturados (DHA y omega 3), hierro y zinc mejoran el desarrollo cognitivo de los niños.
Conclusiones:Los suplementos nutricionales con Omega 3, DHA, hierro y zinc podrían proporcionar beneficios en el desarrollo cognitivo, principalmente en lactantes y escolares sin efectos adversos de importancia.
Descargas
Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.
Detalles del artículo
Cómo citar
Soto-Salazar, C., Rueda-Rodríguez, M. C., De Castro, M., Castañeda-Cardona, C., & Roselli, D. (2017). Suplementos nutricionales en el desarrollo psicomotor y cognitivo en la infancia: Una revisión de la literatura. Pediatría, 50(1). https://doi.org/10.14295/pediatr.v50i1.74
Sección
Artículos de Revisión
Licencia Creative Commons
Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
Usted es libre de:
Compartir - copiar y redistribuir el material en cualquier medio o formato.
Adaptar - remezclar, transformar y construir a partir del material
La licencia no puede revocar estas libertades en tanto se sigan los términos de la licencia.
- Atribución — Usted debe dar crédito de manera adecuada, brindar un enlace a la licencia, e indicar si se han efectuado cambios. Puede hacerlo en cualquier forma razonable, pero no de forma tal que sugiera que usted o su uso tienen el apoyo del licenciante.
- NoComercial — Usted no puede hacer uso del material con propósitos comerciales.
- CompartirIgual— Si remezcla, transforma o crea a partir del material, debe distribuir su contribución bajo la misma licencia del original.
- No hay restricciones adicionales — No puede aplicar términos legales ni medidas tecnológicas que restrinjan legalmente a otras a hacer cualquier uso permitido por la licencia.
Citas
1. Whalley L, Fox H, Wahle K, Starr J, Deary I. Cognitive aging, childhood intelligence, and the use of food supplements: possible involvement of n-3 fatty acids. Am J Clin Nutr 2004;80:1650–7
2. Singla D, Shafique S, Zlotkin S, Aboud F. A 22-element micronutrient powder benefits language but not cognition in bangladeshi full-term low-birth-weight children. J Nutr 2014;144:1803–10
3. Unicef, Programa mundial de alimentos, Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Alimentacion y nutricion del niño pequeño. Memoria de la reunión subregional de los países de mesoamérica. http://www.unicef.org/lac/Reunion_Nutricion_1_21_2011.pdf (Fecha de consulta: 24 de Junio, 2016)
4. Ministerio de salud pública (Ecuador). Normas, protocolos y consejeria para la suplementacion con micronutrientes. http://www1.paho.org/nutricionydesarrollo/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/Normas-Protocolos-y-Consejeria-para-la-Suplementacion-con-Micronutrientes-Ecuador.pdf (Fecha de consulta: 24 de Junio, 2016)
5. Volpe J. Neural tube formation and prosencephalic development. En: Neurology of the newborn. 5ta ed. Saunders; 2008. P. 3
6. Unicef. Early Childhood Development: The key to a full and productive life. Early Childhood Development. http://www.unicef.org/dprk/ecd.pdf (Fecha de consulta: 24 de Junio, 2016)
7. Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social. Estrategia nacional para la prevención y control de las deficiencias de micronutrientes en Colombia 2014-2021.
https://www.minsalud.gov.co/sites/rid/Lists/BibliotecaDigital/RIDE/VS/PP/SNA/Estrategia-nacional-prevencion-control-deficiencia-micronutrientes.pdf (Fecha de consulta: 24 de Junio, 2016)
8. Drover J, Hoffman D, Castañeda Y, Morale S, Garfield S, Wheaton D, et al. Cognitive function in 18-month-old term infants of the DIAMOND study: A randomized, controlled clinical trial with multiple dietary levels of docosahexaenoic acid. Early Hum Dev 2011;87:223–30
9. Jiao J, Li Q, Chu J, Zeng W, Yang M, Zhu S. Effect of n-3 PUFA supplementation on cognitive function throughout the life span from infancy to old age : a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 2014;100:1–15
10. De Moura J, Oliveira E, Alves C, De Lima S, Gomes M, De Araújo A, et al. Oral Zinc supplementation may improve cognitive function in schoolchildren. Biol Trace Elem Res 2013;155:23–8
11. Friel J, Aziz K, Andrews W, Harding S, Courage M, Adams R. A double-masked, randomized control trial of iron supplementation in early infancy in healthy term breast-fed infants. J Pediatr 2003;143:582–6
12. Black M, Baqui A, Zaman K, Persson L, Arifeen S, Le K, et al. Iron and zinc supplementation promote motor development and exploratory behavior among Bangladeshi infants. Am J Clin Nutr 2004;80:903–10
13. Stancil A, Hicks L. Glyconutrients and perception, cognition and memory. Percept Mot Ski 2009;108:259–70
14. Fewtrell MS, Morley R, Abbott R, Singhal A, Isaacs EB, Stephenson T, et al. Double-blind, randomized trial of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in formula fed to preterm infants. Pediatrics 2002;110:73–82
15. Fang P-C, Kuo H-K, Huang C-B, Ko T-Y, Chen C-C, Chung M-Y. The effect of supplementation of docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid on visual acuity and neurodevelopment in larger preterm infants. Chang Gung Med J 2005;28:708–15
16. Clandinin M, Aerde J Van, Merkel K. Growth and development of preterm infants fed infant formulas containing docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid. J Pediatr 2005;146:461–8
17. Smithers LG, Gibson R a, McPhee A, Makrides M. Effect of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation of preterm infants on disease risk and neurodevelopment: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 2008;87:912–20
18. Colombo J, Zavaleta N, Kannass K, Lazarte F, Albornoz C, Kapa L, et al. Zinc supplementation sustained normativeneurodevelopment in a randomized , controlled trial of peruvian infants aged 6 – 18 months. J Nutr 2014;144:1298–305
19. Castillo-Durán C, Perales C, Hertrampf E, Marín V, Rivera F, Icaza G, et al. Effect of zinc supplementation on development and growth of Chilean infants. J Pediatr 2001;138:229–35
20. Sungthong R, Mo-suwan L, Chongsuvivatwong V, Geater AF. Once-weekly and 5-days a week iron supplementation differentially affect cognitive function but not school performance in Thai children. J Nutr 2004;134:2349–54
21. Falkingham M, Abdelhamid A, Curtis P, Fairweather-tait S, Dye L, Hooper L. The effects of oral iron supplementation on cognition in older children and adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr J 2010;9:1–16
22. Sachdev H, Gera T, Nestel P. Effect of iron supplementation on mental and motor development in children: systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Public Health Nutr 2005;8:117–32
23. Drover J, Hoffman D, Castañeda Y, Birch E, Morale S. Three randomized controlled trials of early long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on means-end problem solving in 9-Month-olds. Child Dev 2009;80:1376–84
24. Champoux M, Hibbeln JR, Shannon C, Majchrzak S, Suomi SJ, Salem N, et al. Fatty acid formula supplementation and neuromotor development in rhesus monkey neonates. Pediatr Res 2002;51:273–81
25. Zicker SC, Jewell DE, Yamka RM, Milgram NW. Evaluation of cognitive learning, memory, psychomotor, immunologic, and retinal functions in healthy puppies fed foods fortified with docosahexaenoic acid–rich fish oil from 8 to 52 weeks of age. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2012;241:583–94
26. Oelofse J, Van Raaij A, Benade M, Dhansay J, Tolboom J, Hautvast J. The effect of a micronutrient-fortified complementary food on micronutrient status, growth and development of 6- to 12-month-old disadvantaged urban South African infants. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2003;54:399–407
27. Thompson J, Biggs B, Pasricha S-R. Effects of daily iron supplementation in 2- to 5-year-old children: systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatrics 2013;131:739–53
28. Majer M, Nemeroff CB. Nutritional supplementation in early childhood, schooling, and intellectual functioning in adulthood: a prospective study in Guatemala. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2013;46:500–6
29. Colombo J, Carlson SE, Cheatham CL, Shaddy DJ, Kerling EH, Thodosoff JM, et al. Long-term effects of LCPUFA supplementation on childhood cognitive outcomes. Am J Clin Nutr 2013;98:403–12
30. Westerberg AC, Schei R, Henriksen C, Smith L, Veierød MB, Drevon C a, et al. Attention among very low birth weight infants following early supplementation with docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acid. Acta Paediatr 2011;100:47–52
31. Willatts P, Forsyth S, Agostoni C, Casaer P, Riva E, Boehm G. Effects of long-chain PUFA supplementation in infant formula on cognitive function in later childhood. Am J Clin Nutr 2013;98:536–42
32. Berglund SK, Westrup B, Hagglof B, Hernell O, Domellof M. Effects of iron supplementation of LBW infants on cognition and behavior at 3 years. Pediatrics 2013;131:47–55
33. Lind T, Lönnerdal B, Stenlund H, Gamayanti IL, Ismail D, Seswandhana R, et al. A community-based randomized controlled trial of iron and zinc supplementation in Indonesian infants: effects on growth and development. Am J Clin Nutr 2004;80:729–36
2. Singla D, Shafique S, Zlotkin S, Aboud F. A 22-element micronutrient powder benefits language but not cognition in bangladeshi full-term low-birth-weight children. J Nutr 2014;144:1803–10
3. Unicef, Programa mundial de alimentos, Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Alimentacion y nutricion del niño pequeño. Memoria de la reunión subregional de los países de mesoamérica. http://www.unicef.org/lac/Reunion_Nutricion_1_21_2011.pdf (Fecha de consulta: 24 de Junio, 2016)
4. Ministerio de salud pública (Ecuador). Normas, protocolos y consejeria para la suplementacion con micronutrientes. http://www1.paho.org/nutricionydesarrollo/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/Normas-Protocolos-y-Consejeria-para-la-Suplementacion-con-Micronutrientes-Ecuador.pdf (Fecha de consulta: 24 de Junio, 2016)
5. Volpe J. Neural tube formation and prosencephalic development. En: Neurology of the newborn. 5ta ed. Saunders; 2008. P. 3
6. Unicef. Early Childhood Development: The key to a full and productive life. Early Childhood Development. http://www.unicef.org/dprk/ecd.pdf (Fecha de consulta: 24 de Junio, 2016)
7. Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social. Estrategia nacional para la prevención y control de las deficiencias de micronutrientes en Colombia 2014-2021.
https://www.minsalud.gov.co/sites/rid/Lists/BibliotecaDigital/RIDE/VS/PP/SNA/Estrategia-nacional-prevencion-control-deficiencia-micronutrientes.pdf (Fecha de consulta: 24 de Junio, 2016)
8. Drover J, Hoffman D, Castañeda Y, Morale S, Garfield S, Wheaton D, et al. Cognitive function in 18-month-old term infants of the DIAMOND study: A randomized, controlled clinical trial with multiple dietary levels of docosahexaenoic acid. Early Hum Dev 2011;87:223–30
9. Jiao J, Li Q, Chu J, Zeng W, Yang M, Zhu S. Effect of n-3 PUFA supplementation on cognitive function throughout the life span from infancy to old age : a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 2014;100:1–15
10. De Moura J, Oliveira E, Alves C, De Lima S, Gomes M, De Araújo A, et al. Oral Zinc supplementation may improve cognitive function in schoolchildren. Biol Trace Elem Res 2013;155:23–8
11. Friel J, Aziz K, Andrews W, Harding S, Courage M, Adams R. A double-masked, randomized control trial of iron supplementation in early infancy in healthy term breast-fed infants. J Pediatr 2003;143:582–6
12. Black M, Baqui A, Zaman K, Persson L, Arifeen S, Le K, et al. Iron and zinc supplementation promote motor development and exploratory behavior among Bangladeshi infants. Am J Clin Nutr 2004;80:903–10
13. Stancil A, Hicks L. Glyconutrients and perception, cognition and memory. Percept Mot Ski 2009;108:259–70
14. Fewtrell MS, Morley R, Abbott R, Singhal A, Isaacs EB, Stephenson T, et al. Double-blind, randomized trial of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in formula fed to preterm infants. Pediatrics 2002;110:73–82
15. Fang P-C, Kuo H-K, Huang C-B, Ko T-Y, Chen C-C, Chung M-Y. The effect of supplementation of docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid on visual acuity and neurodevelopment in larger preterm infants. Chang Gung Med J 2005;28:708–15
16. Clandinin M, Aerde J Van, Merkel K. Growth and development of preterm infants fed infant formulas containing docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid. J Pediatr 2005;146:461–8
17. Smithers LG, Gibson R a, McPhee A, Makrides M. Effect of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation of preterm infants on disease risk and neurodevelopment: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 2008;87:912–20
18. Colombo J, Zavaleta N, Kannass K, Lazarte F, Albornoz C, Kapa L, et al. Zinc supplementation sustained normativeneurodevelopment in a randomized , controlled trial of peruvian infants aged 6 – 18 months. J Nutr 2014;144:1298–305
19. Castillo-Durán C, Perales C, Hertrampf E, Marín V, Rivera F, Icaza G, et al. Effect of zinc supplementation on development and growth of Chilean infants. J Pediatr 2001;138:229–35
20. Sungthong R, Mo-suwan L, Chongsuvivatwong V, Geater AF. Once-weekly and 5-days a week iron supplementation differentially affect cognitive function but not school performance in Thai children. J Nutr 2004;134:2349–54
21. Falkingham M, Abdelhamid A, Curtis P, Fairweather-tait S, Dye L, Hooper L. The effects of oral iron supplementation on cognition in older children and adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr J 2010;9:1–16
22. Sachdev H, Gera T, Nestel P. Effect of iron supplementation on mental and motor development in children: systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Public Health Nutr 2005;8:117–32
23. Drover J, Hoffman D, Castañeda Y, Birch E, Morale S. Three randomized controlled trials of early long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on means-end problem solving in 9-Month-olds. Child Dev 2009;80:1376–84
24. Champoux M, Hibbeln JR, Shannon C, Majchrzak S, Suomi SJ, Salem N, et al. Fatty acid formula supplementation and neuromotor development in rhesus monkey neonates. Pediatr Res 2002;51:273–81
25. Zicker SC, Jewell DE, Yamka RM, Milgram NW. Evaluation of cognitive learning, memory, psychomotor, immunologic, and retinal functions in healthy puppies fed foods fortified with docosahexaenoic acid–rich fish oil from 8 to 52 weeks of age. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2012;241:583–94
26. Oelofse J, Van Raaij A, Benade M, Dhansay J, Tolboom J, Hautvast J. The effect of a micronutrient-fortified complementary food on micronutrient status, growth and development of 6- to 12-month-old disadvantaged urban South African infants. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2003;54:399–407
27. Thompson J, Biggs B, Pasricha S-R. Effects of daily iron supplementation in 2- to 5-year-old children: systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatrics 2013;131:739–53
28. Majer M, Nemeroff CB. Nutritional supplementation in early childhood, schooling, and intellectual functioning in adulthood: a prospective study in Guatemala. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2013;46:500–6
29. Colombo J, Carlson SE, Cheatham CL, Shaddy DJ, Kerling EH, Thodosoff JM, et al. Long-term effects of LCPUFA supplementation on childhood cognitive outcomes. Am J Clin Nutr 2013;98:403–12
30. Westerberg AC, Schei R, Henriksen C, Smith L, Veierød MB, Drevon C a, et al. Attention among very low birth weight infants following early supplementation with docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acid. Acta Paediatr 2011;100:47–52
31. Willatts P, Forsyth S, Agostoni C, Casaer P, Riva E, Boehm G. Effects of long-chain PUFA supplementation in infant formula on cognitive function in later childhood. Am J Clin Nutr 2013;98:536–42
32. Berglund SK, Westrup B, Hagglof B, Hernell O, Domellof M. Effects of iron supplementation of LBW infants on cognition and behavior at 3 years. Pediatrics 2013;131:47–55
33. Lind T, Lönnerdal B, Stenlund H, Gamayanti IL, Ismail D, Seswandhana R, et al. A community-based randomized controlled trial of iron and zinc supplementation in Indonesian infants: effects on growth and development. Am J Clin Nutr 2004;80:729–36