Pulmonary sequestration as a cause of persistent pulmonary hypertension in the newborn: a case report.
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Abstract
Background: Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn is a syndrome characterized by acute respiratory failure with hypoxemia caused by a sustained increase in pulmonary vascular resistance, with marked hypoxemia and generalized cyanosis. Pulmonary sequestration is one of the rare causes. Case report: The present case is a neonatal patient without prenatal controls who presented with a picture of respiratory distress dependent on prolonged invasive mechanical ventilation, with suspicion of pneumonia based on the findings in the chest X-ray and CT, without improvement after antibiotic treatment, and with deteriorating cardiorespiratory status. He was assessed by pediatric cardiology and pulmonology, diagnosing the presence of a large patent ductus arteriosus with hemodynamic repercussions and persistent pulmonary hypertension. A chest CT angiography was performed, evidencing intralobar pulmonary sequestration in the right lung and aberrant circulation. It required surgical resection. Conclusions: Persistent pulmonary hypertension is a syndrome with high morbidity and mortality in neonates, so it is necessary to make an early diagnosis, identify the etiology and treat it appropriately based on ventilatory support and vasodilator measures to reduce pulmonary vascular resistance.
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