Bacteremia cause by extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae in a pediatric intensive care unit: Case series
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Abstract
Introduction: The prevalence of bacteremia caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing germs in children has increased worldwide, as well as its complications and costs. Objective: to characterize the infection by extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing enterobacteria in the pediatric population hospitalized in an intensive care unit. Methods: a retrospective descriptive study was carried out, identifying hospitalized patients in a pediatric intensive care unit with blood culture reports from January 2016 to December 2019. Results: 1 638 records were reviewed. In eleven cases (0.67 %), at least one positive culture for extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing enterobacteria. No infection was associated with inpatient health care. All subjects had fever episodes, with a median temperature of 39 ° C (Interquartile range of 0.2). The germ isolated most frequently was E. coli, followed by K. pneumoniae. Acute phase reactants such as C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and procalcitonin were above the normal upper limit. Antibiotic treatment was relevant in all cases, and a change of antibiotic was only required in one case due to non-response. Conclusions: This study gathered local data that allow establishing the baseline of this condition. Additional clinical recommendations were generated that may improve outcomes in the pediatric population.
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