Non-oliguric hyperkalemia in a very low birth weight neonate
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Abstract
Background: Non-oliguric hyperkalemia of the newborn occurs during the first 72 hours of life, mainly in those born before 28 weeks of gestational age. Case report: newborn of 27.2 weeks of gestational age, presenting hyperkalemia from the first hours of life, without oliguria and with adequate renal function (non-oliguric hyperkalemia). Clinically, he presented extreme bradycardia accompanied by electrocardiographic abnormalities (acuminate T waves and widening of the QRS complex). Several pharmacological treatment options were used, and no response was obtained; it was necessary to perform peritoneal dialysis, with which it was possible to normalize potassium concentrations and reverse the cardiac alterations presented. Conclusions: non-oliguric hyperkalemia in the newborn is an infrequent but severe complication that can compromise the patient's life if a timely diagnosis and treatment are not performed. In this neonate, peritoneal dialysis was an effective therapeutic option, allowing serum potassium concentrations to be normalized. There were no secondary complications when proceeding despite its extremely low weight.
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