Necrotizing enterocolitis in a full-term newborn from a mother with HIV, attended in a neonatal intensive care unit, from a third level hospital in the department of Tolima, Colombia
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Abstract
Background: Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe intestinal disorder that primarily affects premature or critically ill newborns. It is characterized by necrosis of the intestinal mucosa, which can lead to severe complications.
Case report: This case study involves a term newborn with several risk factors for developing NEC, including low birth weight and a high risk of vertical HIV transmission due to the mother's infection. The mother, who was 36 years old, had a history of HIV, but did not receive antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy. Additionally, she only attended two prenatal check-ups throughout the entire pregnancy. The baby was delivered via cesarean section due to the mother's infectious disease and breech presentation. After being admitted to the hospital, the baby was fed special formula for premature babies, but on the eighth day of enteral feeding, the baby developed signs of NEC.
Conclusion: It is important to note that Zidovudine treatments in newborns increase the risk of developing NEC, particularly if administered orally. Regular clinical and radiological evaluations are critical for patients diagnosed with NEC, and timely and appropriate medical management should be provided for each case.
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