Nutritional supplements in psychomotor and cognitive development in childhood: A literature review
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Published:
Jun 6, 2017
Keywords:
cognition, nutritional status, child, dietary supplements, growth and development
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Abstract
Introduction: in recent years, malnutrition and its impact on the cognitive and psychomotor development has been rising interest, as well as the use of nutritional supplements in the regular diet in order to avoid or lower the negative effect of an inadequate nutrition in the global development of a person. Taken into account that the requirements of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) during the neurologic development in the first stages of life is well known, it is of the uttmost importance to assess the reach of supplementation of these components and its relationship with cognition in the pediatric population.
Methods: A review of the literature in Pubmed and Embase databases, which took into account studies relating supplements with fatty acids, zinc and iron and cognitive functions in children, was conducted.
Results: Evidence suggests that nutritional supplements with Poly- Unsaturated Fatty Acids (DHA and omega 3), iron and zinc improve cognitive development in children.
Conclusions: Nutritional supplements with Omega 3, DHA, iron and zinc could provide benefits in cognitive development, especially in infants and schoolchildren without significant adverse effects
Methods: A review of the literature in Pubmed and Embase databases, which took into account studies relating supplements with fatty acids, zinc and iron and cognitive functions in children, was conducted.
Results: Evidence suggests that nutritional supplements with Poly- Unsaturated Fatty Acids (DHA and omega 3), iron and zinc improve cognitive development in children.
Conclusions: Nutritional supplements with Omega 3, DHA, iron and zinc could provide benefits in cognitive development, especially in infants and schoolchildren without significant adverse effects
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Soto-Salazar, C., Rueda-Rodríguez, M. C., De Castro, M., Castañeda-Cardona, C., & Roselli, D. (2017). Nutritional supplements in psychomotor and cognitive development in childhood: A literature review. Pediatría, 50(1). https://doi.org/10.14295/pediatr.v50i1.74
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References
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12. Black M, Baqui A, Zaman K, Persson L, Arifeen S, Le K, et al. Iron and zinc supplementation promote motor development and exploratory behavior among Bangladeshi infants. Am J Clin Nutr 2004;80:903–10
13. Stancil A, Hicks L. Glyconutrients and perception, cognition and memory. Percept Mot Ski 2009;108:259–70
14. Fewtrell MS, Morley R, Abbott R, Singhal A, Isaacs EB, Stephenson T, et al. Double-blind, randomized trial of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in formula fed to preterm infants. Pediatrics 2002;110:73–82
15. Fang P-C, Kuo H-K, Huang C-B, Ko T-Y, Chen C-C, Chung M-Y. The effect of supplementation of docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid on visual acuity and neurodevelopment in larger preterm infants. Chang Gung Med J 2005;28:708–15
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17. Smithers LG, Gibson R a, McPhee A, Makrides M. Effect of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation of preterm infants on disease risk and neurodevelopment: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 2008;87:912–20
18. Colombo J, Zavaleta N, Kannass K, Lazarte F, Albornoz C, Kapa L, et al. Zinc supplementation sustained normativeneurodevelopment in a randomized , controlled trial of peruvian infants aged 6 – 18 months. J Nutr 2014;144:1298–305
19. Castillo-Durán C, Perales C, Hertrampf E, Marín V, Rivera F, Icaza G, et al. Effect of zinc supplementation on development and growth of Chilean infants. J Pediatr 2001;138:229–35
20. Sungthong R, Mo-suwan L, Chongsuvivatwong V, Geater AF. Once-weekly and 5-days a week iron supplementation differentially affect cognitive function but not school performance in Thai children. J Nutr 2004;134:2349–54
21. Falkingham M, Abdelhamid A, Curtis P, Fairweather-tait S, Dye L, Hooper L. The effects of oral iron supplementation on cognition in older children and adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr J 2010;9:1–16
22. Sachdev H, Gera T, Nestel P. Effect of iron supplementation on mental and motor development in children: systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Public Health Nutr 2005;8:117–32
23. Drover J, Hoffman D, Castañeda Y, Birch E, Morale S. Three randomized controlled trials of early long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on means-end problem solving in 9-Month-olds. Child Dev 2009;80:1376–84
24. Champoux M, Hibbeln JR, Shannon C, Majchrzak S, Suomi SJ, Salem N, et al. Fatty acid formula supplementation and neuromotor development in rhesus monkey neonates. Pediatr Res 2002;51:273–81
25. Zicker SC, Jewell DE, Yamka RM, Milgram NW. Evaluation of cognitive learning, memory, psychomotor, immunologic, and retinal functions in healthy puppies fed foods fortified with docosahexaenoic acid–rich fish oil from 8 to 52 weeks of age. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2012;241:583–94
26. Oelofse J, Van Raaij A, Benade M, Dhansay J, Tolboom J, Hautvast J. The effect of a micronutrient-fortified complementary food on micronutrient status, growth and development of 6- to 12-month-old disadvantaged urban South African infants. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2003;54:399–407
27. Thompson J, Biggs B, Pasricha S-R. Effects of daily iron supplementation in 2- to 5-year-old children: systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatrics 2013;131:739–53
28. Majer M, Nemeroff CB. Nutritional supplementation in early childhood, schooling, and intellectual functioning in adulthood: a prospective study in Guatemala. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2013;46:500–6
29. Colombo J, Carlson SE, Cheatham CL, Shaddy DJ, Kerling EH, Thodosoff JM, et al. Long-term effects of LCPUFA supplementation on childhood cognitive outcomes. Am J Clin Nutr 2013;98:403–12
30. Westerberg AC, Schei R, Henriksen C, Smith L, Veierød MB, Drevon C a, et al. Attention among very low birth weight infants following early supplementation with docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acid. Acta Paediatr 2011;100:47–52
31. Willatts P, Forsyth S, Agostoni C, Casaer P, Riva E, Boehm G. Effects of long-chain PUFA supplementation in infant formula on cognitive function in later childhood. Am J Clin Nutr 2013;98:536–42
32. Berglund SK, Westrup B, Hagglof B, Hernell O, Domellof M. Effects of iron supplementation of LBW infants on cognition and behavior at 3 years. Pediatrics 2013;131:47–55
33. Lind T, Lönnerdal B, Stenlund H, Gamayanti IL, Ismail D, Seswandhana R, et al. A community-based randomized controlled trial of iron and zinc supplementation in Indonesian infants: effects on growth and development. Am J Clin Nutr 2004;80:729–36
2. Singla D, Shafique S, Zlotkin S, Aboud F. A 22-element micronutrient powder benefits language but not cognition in bangladeshi full-term low-birth-weight children. J Nutr 2014;144:1803–10
3. Unicef, Programa mundial de alimentos, Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Alimentacion y nutricion del niño pequeño. Memoria de la reunión subregional de los países de mesoamérica. http://www.unicef.org/lac/Reunion_Nutricion_1_21_2011.pdf (Fecha de consulta: 24 de Junio, 2016)
4. Ministerio de salud pública (Ecuador). Normas, protocolos y consejeria para la suplementacion con micronutrientes. http://www1.paho.org/nutricionydesarrollo/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/Normas-Protocolos-y-Consejeria-para-la-Suplementacion-con-Micronutrientes-Ecuador.pdf (Fecha de consulta: 24 de Junio, 2016)
5. Volpe J. Neural tube formation and prosencephalic development. En: Neurology of the newborn. 5ta ed. Saunders; 2008. P. 3
6. Unicef. Early Childhood Development: The key to a full and productive life. Early Childhood Development. http://www.unicef.org/dprk/ecd.pdf (Fecha de consulta: 24 de Junio, 2016)
7. Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social. Estrategia nacional para la prevención y control de las deficiencias de micronutrientes en Colombia 2014-2021.
https://www.minsalud.gov.co/sites/rid/Lists/BibliotecaDigital/RIDE/VS/PP/SNA/Estrategia-nacional-prevencion-control-deficiencia-micronutrientes.pdf (Fecha de consulta: 24 de Junio, 2016)
8. Drover J, Hoffman D, Castañeda Y, Morale S, Garfield S, Wheaton D, et al. Cognitive function in 18-month-old term infants of the DIAMOND study: A randomized, controlled clinical trial with multiple dietary levels of docosahexaenoic acid. Early Hum Dev 2011;87:223–30
9. Jiao J, Li Q, Chu J, Zeng W, Yang M, Zhu S. Effect of n-3 PUFA supplementation on cognitive function throughout the life span from infancy to old age : a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 2014;100:1–15
10. De Moura J, Oliveira E, Alves C, De Lima S, Gomes M, De Araújo A, et al. Oral Zinc supplementation may improve cognitive function in schoolchildren. Biol Trace Elem Res 2013;155:23–8
11. Friel J, Aziz K, Andrews W, Harding S, Courage M, Adams R. A double-masked, randomized control trial of iron supplementation in early infancy in healthy term breast-fed infants. J Pediatr 2003;143:582–6
12. Black M, Baqui A, Zaman K, Persson L, Arifeen S, Le K, et al. Iron and zinc supplementation promote motor development and exploratory behavior among Bangladeshi infants. Am J Clin Nutr 2004;80:903–10
13. Stancil A, Hicks L. Glyconutrients and perception, cognition and memory. Percept Mot Ski 2009;108:259–70
14. Fewtrell MS, Morley R, Abbott R, Singhal A, Isaacs EB, Stephenson T, et al. Double-blind, randomized trial of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in formula fed to preterm infants. Pediatrics 2002;110:73–82
15. Fang P-C, Kuo H-K, Huang C-B, Ko T-Y, Chen C-C, Chung M-Y. The effect of supplementation of docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid on visual acuity and neurodevelopment in larger preterm infants. Chang Gung Med J 2005;28:708–15
16. Clandinin M, Aerde J Van, Merkel K. Growth and development of preterm infants fed infant formulas containing docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid. J Pediatr 2005;146:461–8
17. Smithers LG, Gibson R a, McPhee A, Makrides M. Effect of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation of preterm infants on disease risk and neurodevelopment: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 2008;87:912–20
18. Colombo J, Zavaleta N, Kannass K, Lazarte F, Albornoz C, Kapa L, et al. Zinc supplementation sustained normativeneurodevelopment in a randomized , controlled trial of peruvian infants aged 6 – 18 months. J Nutr 2014;144:1298–305
19. Castillo-Durán C, Perales C, Hertrampf E, Marín V, Rivera F, Icaza G, et al. Effect of zinc supplementation on development and growth of Chilean infants. J Pediatr 2001;138:229–35
20. Sungthong R, Mo-suwan L, Chongsuvivatwong V, Geater AF. Once-weekly and 5-days a week iron supplementation differentially affect cognitive function but not school performance in Thai children. J Nutr 2004;134:2349–54
21. Falkingham M, Abdelhamid A, Curtis P, Fairweather-tait S, Dye L, Hooper L. The effects of oral iron supplementation on cognition in older children and adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr J 2010;9:1–16
22. Sachdev H, Gera T, Nestel P. Effect of iron supplementation on mental and motor development in children: systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Public Health Nutr 2005;8:117–32
23. Drover J, Hoffman D, Castañeda Y, Birch E, Morale S. Three randomized controlled trials of early long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on means-end problem solving in 9-Month-olds. Child Dev 2009;80:1376–84
24. Champoux M, Hibbeln JR, Shannon C, Majchrzak S, Suomi SJ, Salem N, et al. Fatty acid formula supplementation and neuromotor development in rhesus monkey neonates. Pediatr Res 2002;51:273–81
25. Zicker SC, Jewell DE, Yamka RM, Milgram NW. Evaluation of cognitive learning, memory, psychomotor, immunologic, and retinal functions in healthy puppies fed foods fortified with docosahexaenoic acid–rich fish oil from 8 to 52 weeks of age. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2012;241:583–94
26. Oelofse J, Van Raaij A, Benade M, Dhansay J, Tolboom J, Hautvast J. The effect of a micronutrient-fortified complementary food on micronutrient status, growth and development of 6- to 12-month-old disadvantaged urban South African infants. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2003;54:399–407
27. Thompson J, Biggs B, Pasricha S-R. Effects of daily iron supplementation in 2- to 5-year-old children: systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatrics 2013;131:739–53
28. Majer M, Nemeroff CB. Nutritional supplementation in early childhood, schooling, and intellectual functioning in adulthood: a prospective study in Guatemala. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2013;46:500–6
29. Colombo J, Carlson SE, Cheatham CL, Shaddy DJ, Kerling EH, Thodosoff JM, et al. Long-term effects of LCPUFA supplementation on childhood cognitive outcomes. Am J Clin Nutr 2013;98:403–12
30. Westerberg AC, Schei R, Henriksen C, Smith L, Veierød MB, Drevon C a, et al. Attention among very low birth weight infants following early supplementation with docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acid. Acta Paediatr 2011;100:47–52
31. Willatts P, Forsyth S, Agostoni C, Casaer P, Riva E, Boehm G. Effects of long-chain PUFA supplementation in infant formula on cognitive function in later childhood. Am J Clin Nutr 2013;98:536–42
32. Berglund SK, Westrup B, Hagglof B, Hernell O, Domellof M. Effects of iron supplementation of LBW infants on cognition and behavior at 3 years. Pediatrics 2013;131:47–55
33. Lind T, Lönnerdal B, Stenlund H, Gamayanti IL, Ismail D, Seswandhana R, et al. A community-based randomized controlled trial of iron and zinc supplementation in Indonesian infants: effects on growth and development. Am J Clin Nutr 2004;80:729–36